TMC the metals company Inc. operates as a deep-sea minerals exploration company.
The company focuses on the collection, processing and refining of polymetallic nodules found on the seafloor in international waters of the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), about 1,300 nautical miles (1,500 miles or 2,400 kilometers) south-west of San Diego, California. The CCZ is a geological submarine fracture zone of abyssal plains and other formations in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with a length of around 7,240 km...
TMC the metals company Inc. operates as a deep-sea minerals exploration company.
The company focuses on the collection, processing and refining of polymetallic nodules found on the seafloor in international waters of the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), about 1,300 nautical miles (1,500 miles or 2,400 kilometers) south-west of San Diego, California. The CCZ is a geological submarine fracture zone of abyssal plains and other formations in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with a length of around 7,240 km (4,500 miles) that spans approximately 4,500,000 square kilometers (1,700,000 square miles). Polymetallic nodules are discrete rocks that sit unattached to the seafloor, occur in significant quantities in the CCZ and have high concentrations of nickel, manganese, cobalt and copper in a single rock.
Exploration Contracts
The company holds exclusive exploration rights through its subsidiaries in NORI (Nauru Ocean Resources Inc.) and TOML (Tonga Offshore Mining Limited) and exclusive commercial rights through agreement with Marawa (Marawa Research and Exploration Limited), to certain polymetallic nodule areas in the CCZ.
NORI
NORI, the company's wholly-owned subsidiary, holds exploration rights to four blocks (NORI Area A, B, C, and D, the NORI Contract Area) covering 74,830 km2 in the CCZ that were granted by the International Seabed Authority (ISA) in July 2011. NORI is sponsored by Nauru pursuant to a certificate of sponsorship signed by the Government of Nauru on April 11, 2011. The NORI Area D is the seafloor parcel where the company had performed the most resource definition and environmental work as of December 31, 2022. NORI commissioned AMC Consulting Ltd, a leading mining consulting firm (AMC), to undertake a preliminary economic assessment (PEA) of the mineral resource contained in NORI Area D (the D block of the NORI area) and to compile a technical report compliant with Canadian National Instrument (NI 43-101), which was completed in March 2021. AMC subsequently compiled the NORI Technical Report Summary, dated March 2021, which included an initial assessment and an economic analysis of NORI Area D prepared in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Mining Rules.
TOML
TOML, the company's wholly-owned subsidiary which it acquired in March 2020, holds exploration rights to an area covering 74,713 km2 in the CCZ that were granted by the ISA in January 2012 (the TOML Contract Area). On March 8, 2008, Tonga and TOML entered into a sponsorship agreement formalizing certain obligations of the parties in relation to TOML's exploration application to the ISA (subsequently granted) for the TOML Contract Area. The sponsorship agreement was updated on September 23, 2021.
Marawa
DeepGreen Engineering Pte. Ltd. (DGE), the company's wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into agreements with Marawa and Republic of Kiribati (Kiribati) which provide DGE with exclusive exploration rights to an area covering 74,990 km2 in the CCZ (the Marawa Contract Area). The exploration contract between Marawa and the ISA (the Marawa Exploration Contract) was signed on January 19, 2015. As of December 31, 2022, limited offshore marine resource definition activities in the Marawa Contract Area had occurred. The company expects to collaborate with Marawa to assess the viability of any potential project in the Marawa Contract Area, although the timing of such assessment is uncertain. Marawa has delayed certain of its efforts in the Marawa Contract Area while it determines how it will move forward with additional assessment work.
Business Strategy
The company's contemplated business spans the entire lifecycle from the resource acquisition and definition stage through the collection and transportation phases offshore into the processing and refining of nodules onshore and finally in product marketing and offtake (and eventually recycling of end-of-life products containing nodule-derived metals). NORI and TOML, two of the company's subsidiaries, intend to operate in the CCZ under the effective supervision, regulation and sponsorship of the government of Nauru and the Kingdom of Tonga, respectively. The company intends to engage in processing operations in locations that are yet to be determined. The company has chosen an asset-light approach to its operations and has focused on forming deep strategic partnerships with leading offshore and onshore companies.
The company's key strategic alliances include:
Allseas: Allseas Group S.A. (Allseas), a leading global offshore contractor, has developed and successfully tested the pilot nodule collection system in the NORI Area D, completed in the fourth quarter of 2022. The experience from the development and testing program of the pilot system are informing the design of upgrades and modifications into the initial smaller scale commercial production system which is expected to serve as the basis for the design of a full-scale commercial production system.
Glencore: Glencore International AG (Glencore) holds offtake rights to 50% of the NORI nickel and copper production.
Hatch and KPM: The company has worked with engineering firm Hatch Ltd. (Hatch) and consultants Kingston Process Metallurgy Inc. (KPM) to develop a near-zero solid waste flowsheet. The primary processing stages of the flowsheet from nodule to NiCuCo matte intermediate were demonstrated as part of the company's pilot plant program at FLSmidth and Xpert Process Solutions' (XPS, a Glencore company) facilities. The matte refining stages are being tested at SGS Lakefield. The near-zero solid waste flowsheet is expected to serve as the basis for the company's onshore processing facilities.
Phased Project Development
The company is an exploration stage company with a completed initial assessment, working towards a pre-feasibility study. It expects to enter into the feasibility study phase in 2023, having completed the pilot collection test with Allseas in the CCZ in the fourth quarter of 2022. Having significantly advanced resource definition and environmental baseline studies on NORI Area D, the company intends to apply for an exploitation contract on that area first. If the company obtains an exploitation contract, it then plans to start with a small-scale commercial production (Project Zero) end of 2024 / start of 2025. Subject to the success of Project Zero and any regulatory requirements, the company then expects to move into the next phase of production (Project One) in which it intends to scale up production (expected 2030-2045).
Work Program
The company is focused on applying for its first exploitation contract from the ISA on the NORI Area D, with the goal of starting commercial production end of 2024 / start of 2025.
History
The company was founded in 2011. TMC the metals company Inc., formerly known as Sustainable Opportunities Acquisition Corporation, was incorporated as a Cayman Islands exempted company in 2019.