FirstEnergy Corp. (FirstEnergy or FE) and its subsidiaries are principally involved in the transmission, distribution, and generation of electricity.
FirstEnergy’s electric operating companies comprise one of the nation’s largest investor-owned electric systems, serving over six million customers in the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions. FirstEnergy’s transmission operations include more than 24,000 miles of transmission lines and two regional transmission operation centers. As of December 31, 2...
FirstEnergy Corp. (FirstEnergy or FE) and its subsidiaries are principally involved in the transmission, distribution, and generation of electricity.
FirstEnergy’s electric operating companies comprise one of the nation’s largest investor-owned electric systems, serving over six million customers in the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions. FirstEnergy’s transmission operations include more than 24,000 miles of transmission lines and two regional transmission operation centers. As of December 31, 2024, MP (Monongahela Power Company, a West Virginia electric utility subsidiary of FE) and AGC (Allegheny Generating Company, a generation subsidiary of MP) control 3,604 MWs of total capacity.
Regulated Electric Company Operating Subsidiaries
The Electric Companies’ combined service areas encompass approximately 65,000 square miles in Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey, and New York, providing distribution services for over six million customers in an area with a population of approximately 14 million and include more than 9,900 miles of transmission lines.
Electric Companies refers to OE (Ohio Edison Company, an Ohio electric utility subsidiary of FE), CEI (The Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company, an Ohio electric utility subsidiary of FE), TE, JCP&L (Jersey Central Power & Light Company, a New Jersey electric utility subsidiary of FE), MP (Monongahela Power Company, a West Virginia electric utility subsidiary of FE), PE (The Potomac Edison Company, a Maryland and West Virginia electric utility subsidiary of FE), and FE PA (FirstEnergy Pennsylvania Electric Company, a Pennsylvania electric utility subsidiary of FirstEnergy Pennsylvania Holding Company LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of FE) (as successor-in-interest to Penn (Pennsylvania Power Company, a former Pennsylvania electric utility subsidiary of OE, which merged with and into FE PA on January 1, 2024), ME (Metropolitan Edison Company, a former Pennsylvania electric utility subsidiary of FE, which merged with and into FE PA on January 1, 2024), PN (Pennsylvania Electric Company, a former Pennsylvania electric utility subsidiary of FE, which merged with and into FE PA on January 1, 2024) and WP (West Penn Power Company, a former Pennsylvania electric utility subsidiary of FE, which merged with and into FE PA on January 1, 2024)).
OE owns property and does business as an electric public utility in Ohio, providing distribution services to approximately 1.1 million customers in central and northeastern Ohio. OE serves an area that has a population of approximately 2.4 million.
CEI owns property and does business as an electric public utility in Ohio, providing distribution services to approximately 0.8 million customers in northeastern Ohio. CEI serves an area that has a population of approximately 1.7 million.
TE owns property and does business as an electric public utility in Ohio, providing distribution services to approximately 0.3 million customers in northwestern Ohio. TE serves an area that has a population of approximately 0.7 million.
FE PA owns property and does business as an electric public utility in Pennsylvania and New York, providing distribution services to approximately 2.1 million customers in Pennsylvania and four thousand customers in Waverly, New York. FE PA serves an area that has a population of approximately 4.5 million. On January 1, 2024, FirstEnergy consolidated the Pennsylvania Companies into FE PA, rendering FE PA a new, single operating entity and the successor-in-interest to all assets and liabilities of the Pennsylvania Companies. As of January 1, 2024, FE PA was FE’s only regulated distribution power company in Pennsylvania encompassing the operations previously conducted individually by the Pennsylvania Companies.
JCP&L owns property and does business as an electric public utility in New Jersey, providing distribution services to approximately 1.2 million customers, as well as transmission services in northern, western, and east central New Jersey. JCP&L serves an area that has a population of approximately 2.8 million.
PE owns property and does business as an electric public utility in Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, providing distribution services to approximately 0.5 million customers in Maryland and West Virginia and provides transmission services in Maryland, West Virginia and Virginia. PE serves an area that has a population of approximately 1.0 million.
MP owns property and does business as an electric public utility in West Virginia, providing distribution services to approximately 0.4 million customers, as well as generation and transmission services in northern West Virginia. MP serves an area with a population of approximately 0.8 million. MP is contractually obligated to provide power to PE to meet its load obligations in West Virginia. MP owns or contractually controls 3,604 MWs of net maximum generation capacity that is supplied to its electric utility business, including 24 MWs of Solar generation and 487 MWs of pumped-storage hydroelectric generation from its 16.25% undivided interest in the Bath County facility in Virginia through its wholly owned subsidiary AGC.
Regulated Transmission Company Operating Subsidiaries
FET, a holding company and parent of ATSI (American Transmission Systems, Incorporated, a transmission subsidiary of FET), MAIT (FirstEnergy Transmission, LLC a consolidated VIE of FE, and the parent company of ATSI, MAIT and TrAIL, and having a joint venture in PATH), TrAIL (Trans-Allegheny Interstate Line Company, a transmission subsidiary of FET), and PATH (Potomac-Appalachian Transmission Highline, LLC, a joint venture between FE and a subsidiary of AEP), is a VIE of FE, which holds 50.1% of its issued and outstanding membership interests. Brookfield owns the remaining 49.9% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of FET. Through its subsidiaries, FET owns and operates high-voltage transmission facilities in the PJM Region. FET's subsidiaries are subject to regulation by FERC and applicable state regulatory authorities.
On July 26, 2024, FE, VEPCO and Transource Energy, LLC, a subsidiary of AEP, entered into a joint proposal agreement in connection with PJM’s 2024 Regional Transmission Expansion Plan Open Window 1 process. Pursuant to such joint proposal agreement, FET, VEPCO and Transource Energy, LLC jointly proposed certain regional electric transmission projects for PJM's consideration during the Open Window process. On November 25, 2024, FET, Dominion High Voltage MidAtlantic, Inc., as affiliate of VEPCO, and Transource Energy, LLC, formed Valley Link, which is the holding company responsible for managing and executing any projects awarded by PJM, and entered into a limited liability agreement. On February 26, 2025, PJM selected certain of the joint proposed projects.
ATSI owns high-voltage transmission facilities in PJM (PJM Interconnection, LLC, an RTO), which consist of 7,964 circuit miles of transmission lines with nominal voltages of 345 kV, 138 kV and 69 kV in Ohio and Pennsylvania.
MAIT owns high-voltage transmission facilities in PJM, which consist of 4,287 circuit miles of transmission lines with nominal voltages of 500 kV, 345 kV, 230 kV, 138 kV, 115 kV, 69 kV and 46 kV in Pennsylvania.
TrAIL owns high-voltage transmission facilities in PJM, which consists of 269 circuit miles of transmission lines with nominal voltages of 500 kV, 345 kV, 230 kV, 138 kV, including a 500 kV transmission line extending approximately 150 miles from southwestern Pennsylvania through West Virginia to a point of interconnection with VEPCO in northern Virginia.
PATH was a proposed transmission line from West Virginia through Virginia into Maryland which PJM cancelled in 2012. In March 2024, PATH completed the process of terminating all of its FERC-jurisdictional rates and facilities, with the result that PATH no longer is a ‘public utility’ and no longer is subject to FERC jurisdiction. FET and its non-affiliated joint venture partner are completing the process of terminating the PATH corporate entities.
KATCo owns high-voltage transmission facilities formerly owned by WP in PJM, which consist of 1,696 circuit miles of transmission lines with nominal voltages of 500 kV, 345 kV, 230 kV, 138 kV, and 115 kV in Pennsylvania.
Service Company
FESC (FirstEnergy Service Company) provides corporate support and other services, including executive administration, accounting and finance, risk management, human resources, corporate affairs, communications, information technology, legal services and other similar services at cost, in accordance with its cost allocation manual, to affiliated FirstEnergy companies under FESC agreements.
Segments
FirstEnergy’s reportable segments are as follows, and FirstEnergy continues to evaluate segment performance based on earnings attributable to FE from continuing operations:
Distribution Segment, which consists of the Ohio Companies and FE PA;
Integrated Segment, which consists of MP, PE and JCP&L; and
Stand-Alone Transmission Segment, which consists of FE's ownership in FET and KATCo.
FE and its subsidiaries are principally involved in the transmission, distribution and generation of electricity through its reportable segments: Distribution, Integrated and Stand-Alone Transmission.
The Distribution segment, which consists of the Ohio Companies and FE PA. Distributes electricity through FirstEnergy’s electric operating companies in Ohio and Pennsylvania. The Distribution segment serves approximately 4.3 million customers in Ohio and Pennsylvania across its distribution footprint and purchases power for its provider of last resort, SOS, standard service offer and default service requirements. The segment’s results reflect the costs of securing and delivering electric generation to customers, including the deferral and amortization of certain costs.
The Integrated segment includes the distribution and transmission operations under JCP&L, MP and PE, as well as MP’s regulated generation operations. The Integrated segment distributes electricity to approximately 2 million customers in New Jersey, West Virginia and Maryland across its distribution footprint; provides transmission infrastructure in New Jersey, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia to transmit electricity andoperates 3,604 MWs of regulated net maximum generation capacity located primarily in West Virginia and Virginia. The segment will also include MP and PE’s 50 MWs of solar generation at five sites in West Virginia once complete. The first two solar generation sites were completed and placed in service in January and September 2024, representing 24 MWs of net maximum generating capacity. The remaining three sites, once completed, are expected to provide 26 MWs of additional net maximum generation capacity.
The Stand-Alone Transmission segment, which consists of FE's ownership in FET and KATCo, includes transmission infrastructure owned and operated by the Transmission Companies and used to transmit electricity. The segment’s results also reflect the net transmission expenses related to the delivery of electricity on FirstEnergy’s transmission facilities. KATCo, which was a subsidiary of FET, became a wholly owned subsidiary of FE prior to the closing of the FET P&SA I and remains in the Stand-Alone Transmission segment. On January 1, 2024, WP transferred certain of its Pennsylvania-based transmission assets to KATCo and prior year results in the Stand-Alone Transmission segment reflect the earnings and results of those WP transmission assets.
Fuel Supply
MP has coal contracts with various terms to purchase approximately 3 million tons of coal for the year 2025, which, along with its 2024 year-end inventory levels, accounts for approximately 80% of its forecasted 2025 coal requirements. MP has the ability to acquire additional tonnage through options available in its current contracts, as well as purchases through the spot market. The contracts expire at various times through 2027. This contracted coal is produced primarily from mines located in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. In order to meet emission requirements, MP holds contracts for a variety of reagents expiring at various times through 2026, as well as the ability to purchase additional reagents through the spot market. Additionally, MP is granted emission allowances by the EPA and purchases additional allowances as needed to meet emission requirements.
Regional Reliability
All of FirstEnergy's facilities are located within the PJM Region and operate under the reliability oversight of a regional entity known as ReliabilityFirst Corporation (RFC). This regional entity operates under the oversight of NERC (North American Electric Reliability Corporation) in accordance with a delegation agreement approved by Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).
Seasonality
Demand for electricity in the company’s service territories historically peaks during the summer and winter months.
History
FirstEnergy Corp. was founded 1996. The company was incorporated under Ohio law in 1996.