Cummins Inc. (Cummins) designs, manufactures, distributes and services diesel, natural gas, electric and hybrid powertrains and powertrain-related components, including filtration, aftertreatment, turbochargers, fuel systems, valvetrain technologies, controls systems, air handling systems, automated transmissions, axles, drivelines, brakes, suspension systems, electric power generation systems, batteries, electrified power systems, hydrogen production technologies and fuel cell products worldwid...
Cummins Inc. (Cummins) designs, manufactures, distributes and services diesel, natural gas, electric and hybrid powertrains and powertrain-related components, including filtration, aftertreatment, turbochargers, fuel systems, valvetrain technologies, controls systems, air handling systems, automated transmissions, axles, drivelines, brakes, suspension systems, electric power generation systems, batteries, electrified power systems, hydrogen production technologies and fuel cell products worldwide.
The company sells its products to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), distributors, dealers and other customers worldwide. The company serves its customers through a service network of approximately 450 wholly-owned, joint venture and independent distributor locations and more than 19,000 Cummins certified dealer locations in approximately 190 countries and territories.
Segments
The company has five complementary operating segments: Components, Engine, Distribution, Power Systems, and Accelera.
Components segment
The Components segment supplies products which complement the Engine and Power Systems segments, including axles, drivelines, brakes and suspension systems for commercial diesel and natural gas applications, aftertreatment systems, turbochargers, fuel systems, valvetrain technologies, filtration products, automated transmissions, and electronics. The company develops drivetrain systems, aftertreatment systems, turbochargers, fuel systems, transmissions, and electronics to meet increasingly stringent emission and fuel economy standards.
In conjunction with the realignment of certain businesses during the first quarter of 2023, the Components segment is organized around the following businesses:
Axles and Brakes
The company designs, manufactures and supplies drivetrain systems, including axles, drivelines, brakes and suspension systems primarily for commercial vehicle and industrial applications. The company also markets and sells truck, trailer, on- and off-highway and other products principally for OEM dealers and other independent distributors and service garages within the aftermarket industry. The company primarily serves markets in North America, Europe, South America, India, the Asia Pacific, and China.
Emission Solutions
The company is a global leader in designing, manufacturing and integrating aftertreatment technology and solutions for the commercial on- and off-highway light-duty, medium-duty, heavy-duty and high-horsepower engine markets. Aftertreatment is the mechanism used to convert engine emissions of criteria pollutants, such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons into harmless emissions. The company’s products include custom engineering systems and integrated controls, oxidation catalysts, particulate filters, selective catalytic reduction systems and engineered components, including dosers. The company’s emission solutions business primarily serves markets in North America, Europe, China, India, Brazil, and the Asia Pacific. The company serves both OEM first fit and retrofit customers.
Engine Components
The company designs, manufactures, and markets turbocharger, fuel system and valvetrain technologies for light-duty, mid-range, heavy-duty and high-horsepower markets across North America, China, Europe, and India.
Atmus
The company designs, manufactures and sells filters, coolants and chemical products. The company’s business offers a full spectrum of filtration solutions for first fit and aftermarket applications, including air filters, fuel filters, fuel water separators, lube filters, hydraulic filters, coolants, fuel additives and other filtration systems to OEMs, dealers/distributors and end-users. The company supports a wide customer base in a diverse range of markets, including on- and off-highway segments, such as oil and gas, agriculture, mining, construction, power generation and marine. The company produces and sells globally recognized Fleetguard branded products globally, including in North America, Europe, the Asia Pacific, South America, China, Africa, and the Middle East. Fleetguard products are available through thousands of distribution points worldwide.
Automated Transmissions
The company develops and supplies automated transmissions for the heavy-duty commercial vehicle market. Automated transmissions include automated manual transmissions, dual-clutch transmissions and automatic transmissions for internal combustion engines. The Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies (ECJV) joint venture is a consolidated 50/50 joint venture between Cummins and Eaton Corporation Plc. and serves markets in North America and China.
Software and Electronics
The company develops, supplies and remanufactures control units, specialty sensors, power electronics, actuators and software for on-highway, off-highway and power generation applications. The company primarily serves markets in the Americas, China, India and Europe.
Customers
Customers of the Components segment generally include the Engine, Distribution, Power Systems and Accelera segments, joint ventures, including Tata Cummins Ltd. and Beijing Foton Cummins Engine Co., Ltd., truck manufacturers and other OEMs, many of which are also customers of the Engine segment, such as PACCAR Inc. (PACCAR), Traton Group (Traton), Daimler Trucks North America (Daimler), Beiqi Foton Motor Company, Volvo, Stellantis N.V. (Stellantis), Komatsu Ltd. (Komatsu) and other manufacturers that use the company’s components in their product platforms.
Competition
The Components segment competes with other manufacturers of aftertreatment systems, filtration, turbochargers, fuel systems, drivetrain systems and transmissions. The company’s primary competitors in these markets include Robert Bosch GmbH, Donaldson Company, Inc., Parker-Hannifin Corporation, Mann+Hummel Group, Garrett Motion, Inc., Borg-Warner Inc., Tenneco Inc., Eberspacher Holding GmbH & Co. KG, Denso Corporation, Allison Transmission, Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd., ZF Friedrichshafen AG, and Dana Incorporated.
Engine segment
The Engine segment manufactures and markets a broad range of diesel and natural gas-powered engines under the Cummins brand name, as well as certain customer brand names, for the heavy-duty truck, medium-duty truck and bus, light-duty automotive and off-highway markets. The company manufactures a wide variety of engine products, including:
Engines with a displacement range of 2.8 to 15 liters and horsepower ranging from 48 to 715; and
New parts and service, as well as remanufactured parts and engines, primarily through the company’s extensive distribution network.
The Engine segment is organized by engine displacement size and serves these end-user markets:
Heavy-duty Truck
The company manufactures diesel and natural gas engines that range from 310 to 615 horsepower serving global heavy-duty truck customers worldwide, primarily in North America, China and Australia.
Medium-duty Truck and Bus
The company manufactures diesel and natural gas engines ranging from 130 to 450 horsepower serving medium-duty truck and bus customers worldwide, with key markets, including North America, Europe, Latin America, China, Australia and India. Applications include pick-up, delivery, emergency vehicles, regional haul and vocational trucks and school, transit and shuttle buses. The company also provides diesel engines for Class A motor homes (RVs), primarily in North America.
Light-duty Automotive (Pick-Up and Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV))
The company manufactures 105 to 400 horsepower diesel engines, including engines for the pick-up truck market for Stellantis in North America and LCV markets in Latin America and China.
Off-highway
The company manufactures diesel engines that range from 48 to 715 horsepower serving key global markets, including construction, mining, marine, rail, oil and gas, defense and agriculture and also the power generation business for standby, mobile and distributed power generation solutions throughout the world.
Customers
The principal customers of the company’s heavy-duty truck engines include truck manufacturers, such as PACCAR, Traton and Daimler. The principal customers of the company’s medium-duty truck and bus engines include truck manufacturers, such as Daimler, Traton and PACCAR. The principal customers of the company’s light-duty on-highway engines are Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus and China National Heavy Duty Truck Group. The principal customer of the company’s pick-up on-highway engines is Stellantis.
The company sells its industrial engines to manufacturers of construction and agricultural equipment, including Hyundai Heavy Industries, Komatsu, Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science & Technology Co., Ltd, Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group, Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Co., Ltd, JLG Industries, Inc. and Sany Group.
Distribution segment
The Distribution segment is the company’s primary sales, service and support channel. The segment serves the company’s customers and certified dealers through a worldwide network of wholly-owned, joint venture and independent distribution locations. Wholly-owned locations operate and serve markets in the seven geographic regions noted below. Joint venture locations serve markets in South America, Southeast Asia, India, the Middle East and Africa, while independent distribution locations serve markets in these and other geographies.
Distribution’s intention encompasses the sales and support of a wide range of products and services, including power generation systems, high-horsepower engines, heavy-duty and medium-duty engines designed for on- and off-highway use, application engineering services, custom-designed assemblies, retail and wholesale aftermarket parts and in-shop and field-based repair services. The company also provides selected sales and aftermarket support for the Accelera business. The company’s familiarity with a wide range of market applications allows the company to tailor sales, service and support to meet customer-specific needs.
As previously announced, due to the indefinite suspension of operations in Russia, the company reorganized the regional management structure of the company’s Distribution segment and moved all CIS sales into the Europe and Africa and Middle East regions. The Russian portion of prior period CIS sales moved to the Europe region. The company started to report results for its new regional management structure in the first quarter of 2023 and reflected these changes for historical periods. The Distribution segment is organized and managed as seven geographic regions, including North America, the Asia Pacific, Europe, China, Africa and the Middle East, India and Latin America.
Power Systems segment
The Power Systems segment is organized around the following product lines:
Power Generation
The company is a global OEM offering standby and prime power generators ranging from 2 kilowatts to 3.5 megawatts, as well as controls, paralleling systems and transfer switches, for customers with consumer, commercial, industrial, data center, health care, prime rental fleet and defense applications. The company also provides turnkey solutions for distributed generation and energy management applications using natural gas, diesel and newer alternative sustainable fuels, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil and renewable natural gas.
Industrial
The company designs, manufactures, sells and supports diesel and natural gas high-speed, high-horsepower engines up to 4,400 horsepower for a wide variety of equipment in mining, rail, defense, oil and gas and marine applications throughout the world.
Generator Technologies
The company designs, manufactures, sells and supports A/C generator/alternator products for internal consumption and for external generator set assemblers. The company’s products are sold under the Stamford and AVK brands and range in output from 7.5 kilovolt-amperes (kVA) to 11,200 kVA.
Customers
The company’s customer base for Power Systems offerings is highly diversified, with customer groups varying based on their power needs. China, India, Europe, the Asia Pacific, Latin America, the Middle East and Africa are the company’s largest geographic markets outside of North America.
Competition
The company’s primary competitors are Caterpillar, Inc., MTU (Rolls Royce Power Systems Group) and Kohler/SDMO (Kohler Group), but the company also compete with INNIO, Generac, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and numerous regional generator set assemblers. The company’s alternator business competes globally with Leroy Somer, Marathon Electric and Meccalte, among others.
Accelera segment
The Accelera segment designs, manufactures, sells and supports hydrogen production technologies, as well as electrified power systems with innovative components and subsystems, including battery, fuel cell and electric powertrain technologies. The Accelera segment is in the early stages of commercializing these technologies with efforts primarily focused on the development of the company’s electrolyzers for hydrogen production and electrified power systems and related components and subsystems.
The company anticipates its customer base for Accelera offerings will be highly diversified, representing multiple end markets with a broad range of application requirements. This includes new markets, like the growing green hydrogen market, which the company serves with its leading hydrogen production technologies. The company will continue to pursue relationships in markets as they adopt hydrogen and electric solutions.
Competition
The company’s primary competitors include Daimler, PACCAR, Volvo, Traton, BYD Company Limited, Dana Incorporated, BorgWarner Inc., Ballard Power Systems, Inc., Nel ASA, ITM Power, Siemens Energy, Thyssenkrupp and Plug Power Inc.
Manufacturing Entities
The company’s largest manufacturing joint ventures are based in China and are included in the list below. The company’s engine manufacturing joint ventures are supplied by its Components segment in the same manner as it supplies the company’s wholly-owned Engine segment and Power Systems segment manufacturing facilities. The company’s Components segment joint ventures and wholly-owned entities provide axles, drivelines, brakes and suspension systems for commercial diesel and natural gas applications, aftertreatment systems, turbochargers, fuel systems, filtration products, automated transmissions and electronics that are used with the company’s engines, as well as some competitors' products.
Dongfeng Cummins Engine Company, Ltd. - Dongfeng Cummins Engine Company, Ltd. (DCEC) is a joint venture in China with Dongfeng Automotive Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Corporation and one of the largest medium-duty and heavy-duty truck manufacturers in China. DCEC produces 3.9 liter to 14.5 liter diesel engines with a power range from 80 to 760 horsepower, natural gas engines and automated transmissions. On-highway engines are used in multiple applications in light-duty and medium-duty trucks, special purpose vehicles, buses and heavy-duty trucks with a main market in China. Off-highway engines are used in a variety of construction, power generation, marine and agriculture markets in China.
Beijing Foton Cummins Engine Co., Ltd. - Beijing Foton Cummins Engine Co., Ltd. is a joint venture in China with Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd., a commercial vehicle manufacturer, which has two distinct lines of business - a light-duty business and a heavy-duty business. The light-duty business produces the company’s families of ISF 2.5 liter to 4.5 liter high performance light-duty diesel engines in Beijing. These engines are used in light-duty and medium-duty commercial trucks, pick-up trucks, buses, multipurpose and sport utility vehicles with main markets in China and Brazil. Certain types of small construction equipment and industrial applications are also served by these engine families. The heavy-duty business produces 8.5 liter to 14.5 liter high performance heavy-duty diesel and natural gas engines in Beijing. Certain types of construction equipment and industrial applications are also served by these engine families.
Chongqing Cummins Engine Company, Ltd. - Chongqing Cummins Engine Company, Ltd. is a joint venture in China with Chongqing Machinery and Electric Co. Ltd. This joint venture manufactures several models of the company’s heavy-duty and high-horsepower diesel engines primarily serving the industrial and stationary power markets in China.
Tata Cummins, Ltd. - Tata Cummins, Ltd. is a joint venture in India with Tata Motors Ltd., the largest automotive company in India and a member of the Tata group of companies. This joint venture manufactures Cummins' 3.8 to 8.9 liter diesel and natural gas engines in India with a power range from 75 to 400 horsepower for use in trucks and buses manufactured by Tata Motors, as well as for various on-highway, industrial and power generation applications for Cummins.
In September 2023, the company’s Accelera business signed an agreement to form a joint venture with Daimler Trucks and Buses US Holding LLC (Daimler Truck), PACCAR Inc. (PACCAR) and EVE Energy to accelerate and localize battery cell production and the battery supply chain in the U.S., including building a 21-gigawatt hour battery production facility in Marshall County, Mississippi. The joint venture will manufacture battery cells for electric commercial vehicles and industrial applications. Accelera, Daimler Truck and PACCAR will each own 30 percent of the joint venture, while EVE Energy will own 10 percent.
Distribution Entity
Komatsu Cummins Chile, Ltda. - Komatsu Cummins Chile, Ltda. is a joint venture with Komatsu America Corporation. The joint venture is a distributor that offers the full range of the company’s products and services to customers and end-users in Chile and Peru.
Non-Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries
Atmus Filtration Technologies Inc. (Atmus) - The company has a controlling interest in Atmus, which is a publicly listed company on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and began trading on May 26, 2023. Atmus develops, designs, manufactures and sells filters, coolant and chemical products; and offers products for first fit and aftermarket applications, including air filter, fuel filters, fuel water separators, lube filters, hydraulic filters, coolants, fuel additives and other filtration systems to OEMs, dealers/distributors and end-users.
Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies - The company has a majority voting interest in ECJV by virtue of a tie-breaking vote on the joint venture’s board of directors. ECJV develops and supplies automated transmissions for the heavy-duty commercial vehicle markets in North America and China.
Cummins India Ltd. (CIL) - The company has a controlling interest in Cummins India Ltd. (CIL), which is a publicly listed company on various stock exchanges in India. CIL produces medium-duty, heavy-duty and high-horsepower diesel engines and generators for the Indian and export markets and natural gas spark-ignited engines for power generation, automotive and industrial applications. CIL also has distribution and power generation operations.
Largest Customers
The company has thousands of customers around the world and has developed long-standing business relationships with many of them. PACCAR is the company’s largest customer, accounting for 16 percent of the company’s consolidated net sales in 2023. The company has long-term supply agreements with PACCAR for the company’s heavy-duty and medium-duty engines and aftertreatment systems.
PACCAR is the company’s only customer accounting for more than 10 percent of the company’s net sales in 2023. The company has supplied engines to PACCAR.
In addition to the company’s agreement with PACCAR, the company has long-term heavy-duty and medium-duty engine and aftertreatment system supply agreements with Traton and Daimler. The company also has an agreement with Stellantis to supply engines for its pick-up truck applications. Collectively, the company’s net sales to these four customers, including PACCAR, were 37 percent of the company’s consolidated net sales in 2023.
Research and Development
The company’s research and development expenses, net of contract reimbursements, were $1.4 billion in 2023.
Environmental Compliance
In December 2023, the company reached an agreement in principle with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the California Air Resources Board (CARB), the Environmental and Natural Resources Division of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and the California Attorney General’s Office (CA AG) to resolve certain regulatory civil claims regarding the company’s emissions certification and compliance process for certain engines primarily used in pick-up truck applications in the U.S.
In the U.S., pursuant to notices received from federal and state agencies and/or defendant parties in site environmental contribution actions, the company was identified as a potentially responsible party under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended or similar state laws, at fewer than 20 manufacturing and waste disposal sites.
History
The company was founded in 1919. It was formerly known as Cummins Engine Company and changed its name to Cummins Inc. in 2001.
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